Transport Phenomena (Fluids – Heat)

Fluids characteristics, Dimensions and Units, Fluid Mass and Weight, Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity, Ideal Gas Law, Viscosity, Compressibility of Fluids, Compression and Expansion of Gases, Speed of Sound, Vapor Pressure, Surface Tension - Basic equation in fluid statics, Rigid body motion of a fluid mass, Archimedes Principle, Flotation - Pressure at a Point, Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest, Incompressible Fluid, Compressible Fluid, Standard Atmosphere, Measurement of Pressure - Newton’s Second Law, F=ma along a Streamline, F=ma Normal to a Streamline, Physical Interpretation; Static, Stagnation, Dynamic, and Total Pressurε; Examples of Use of the Bernoulli  Equation, Confined Flows, Flowrate Measurement, Restrictions on Use of the Bernoulli Equation -

The Velocity Field, Eulerian and Lagrangian Flow Descriptions, One-, Two-, and Three Dimensional Flows, Steady and Unsteady Flows, Streamlines, The Acceleration Field, The Material Derivative, Unsteady Effects, Convective Effects, Streamline Coordinates, Control Volume and System, Ρepresentations, The Reynolds Transport Theorem, Physical Interpretation, Relationship to Material Derivative, Steady Effects, Unsteady Effects, Moving Control Volumes, Selection of a Control Volume.

Conservation of Mass—The Continuity Equation, Derivation of the Continuity Equation, Fixed and Moving  Nondeforming Control Volume, Deforming Control Volume, Newton’s Second Law—The Linear Momentum and Moment –of Momentum Equations, Derivation of the Linear Momentum Equation, Application of the Linear Momentum Equation, Derivation of the Moment-of- Momentum Equation, First Law of Thermodynamics—The Energy Equation, Derivation of the Energy Equation, Application of the Energy Equation, Comparison of the Energy Equation with the Bernoulli Equation, Application of the Energy Equation to Nonuniform Flows, Combination of the Energy Equation and the Moment-of Momentum Equation, Second Law of Thermodynamics-Irreversible Flow, Semi-infinitesimal Control Volume Statement of the Energy Equation, Semi-infinitesimal Control Volume Statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, Combination of the Equations of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics.

Linear Motion and Deformation , Angular Motion and Deformation, Conservation of Mass, Differential Form of Continuity Equation, The Stream Function, Conservation of Linear Momentum, Description of Forces Acting on  the Differential Element, Equations of Motion,  Inviscid Flow, Euler’s Equations of Motion, The Bernoulli Equation

Irrotational Flow, Some Basic, Plane Potential Flows, Uniform Flow, Source and Sink, Vortex, Flow around a Circular Cylinder, Viscous Flow, Stress-Deformation Relationships, The Navier–Stokes Equations, Some Simple Solutions for Viscous Incompressible Fluids, Steady, Laminar Flow between Fixed Parallel Plates, Couette Flow, Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

General Characteristics of Pipe Flow, Laminar or Turbulent Flow, Pressure and Shear Stress,  Fully Developed Laminar Flow (a) From F=ma and (b)  From the Navier–Stokes Equations, Fully Developed Turbulent Flow, Turbulent Velocity Profile, (Chaos and Turbulence), Pipe Flow Examples, Single Pipes, Multiple Pipe Systems , Pipe Flowrate Measurement, Pipe Flowrate Meters, Volume Flow Meters

General External Flow Characteristics, Lift and Drag Concepts, Characteristics of Flow Past an Object, Boundary Layer Characteristics, Boundary Layer Structure and Thickness on a Flat Plate, Prandtl/Blasius Boundary Layer Solution, Momentum Integral Boundary Layer Equation for a Flat Plate, Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow, Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow, Effects of Pressure Gradient, Momentum-Integral Boundary Layer Equation with Nonzero Pressure Gradient, Drag, Friction Drag, Pressure Drag, Lift, Surface Pressure Distribution, Circulation.

General Characteristics of Open-Channel Flow, Surface Waves, Wave Speed, Froude Number Effects, Energy Considerations, Specific Energy, Channel Depth Variations, Uniform Depth Channel Flow, Uniform Flow Approximations, The Chezy and Manning Equations, Uniform Depth Examples, Gradually Varied Flow, Classification of Surface Shapes, Examples of Gradually Varied Flows